Alan Turing

Alan Turing (1912–1954) was a pioneering mathematician and logician, best known for his foundational work in computer science. During World War II, Turing played a crucial role in breaking the German Enigma code, significantly aiding the Allied war effort. In 1936, he introduced the concept of the Turing machine, which became a fundamental model for theoretical computation. His 1950 paper, "Computing Machinery and Intelligence," proposed the Turing Test, a criterion for artificial intelligence. Turing's contributions established key principles that underpin modern computing. He was later awarded the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for his wartime services. Turing died in 1954 under controversial circumstances, leaving behind a profound scientific legacy.