Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein (1879-1955) revolutionized theoretical physics with his theory of relativity, published in 1905 and 1915. His equation, E=mc², established the relationship between mass and energy. In 1921, Einstein received the Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect, which provided pivotal support for quantum theory. Born in Ulm, Germany, he later emigrated to the United States in 1933, joining the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. His contributions to statistical mechanics and cosmology further cemented his status as a foundational figure in modern science. Einstein's letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1939 alerted the U.S. to the potential of nuclear weapons, influencing the development of the atomic bomb.